Essay about Billy Liar - 1025 Words

Billy Liar The play Billy Liar was first produced in London on 13th September 1960. Originally a novel, it was adapted by Willis Hall and Keith Waterhouse for performance. Billy the main character in the performance lives in a lower middle class family and is subconsciously trapped by their social class. Billy is an imaginative youth who indulges in daydreams and escapism, but cannot fulfil his fantasies due to the restriction of his social culture. In modern society Billy would have been more likely to fulfil his dreams as generally family and social restrictions have changed since the 1960s and movement away from the family unit is more accepted. In the play Billy has the†¦show more content†¦To close the argument Billy offers Florence a cup of tea. Up to this part in the film the family argued without listening to each others point of view. Billy continues to say Sitting in a coffee-bar. Espresso. This shows that Billys escapism leads him into the future but Florence also daydreams about the past. In some ways the playwright bridges the differences by making these characters dreamers. The quote shows that Billy knows how he wants people to see him and the way he lives. Florence also values the importance of how other people view him when she says He shouldnt go to the door dressed like that. Billy is also restricted by his conflicting values with his parents. His mother for example values peace when she says Im not saying anything. Im keeping out of it. This could also indicate bluntness with her son and show that she does not listen to what he has to say. This is another barrier that faces Billy. It is obvious that Billy lacks respect for his mother possibly because of her bluntness with him. Billy also sees his mother as a person who is easily manipulated. From the stage directions in the script we know that Alice is always busy which she sees as an attribute, this contrasts with Billys lazy attitude because he stays in bed late. Alice has a narrow-minded opinion of what Billy should do and states her opinion. Billy considers herShow MoreRelatedEssay on A Comparison between Billy Liar and Shirley Valentine984 Words   |  4 PagesA Comparison between Billy Liar and Shirley Valentine I have just been studying Billy Liar and performing it as part of my mock scripted drama GCSE, and have been asked to compare this theatre script to the film script of Shirley Valentine. I have already given the first difference between these two scripts; one is a theatre script and the other is designed specifically for the big screen. 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Predicaments Caused by Affirmative Action - 574 Words

College, one of the first and most important milestones individuals achieve. Many students strive to make excellent grades, excel in varsity sports, and get involved in extracurricular activities, solely to stand out from the crowd. Every determining factor in college admissions is up to the individual, except for one, race. A vast amount of students find this factor controversial. Colleges are accepting and denying students admission based on a factor that students have no control over. This system of admission has been implemented by the government in 1961. The system was created due to the colossal amount of discrimination minorities have faced in the past, it’s called Affirmative Action. Affirmative Actions purpose was to create a diverse environment, which meant, sometimes turning down the best individual for the job. At the time, this was necessary, but now, not so much. Affirmative Action was crucial for minorities to gain financial stability after being oppressed for d ecades, but in modern society, there has to be a system to assure the best individual for the job. Affirmative Action can cause a predicament for society in a whole. A highly qualified student can be denied admission from their first choice college, due to their race. They can be subjected to Affirmative Action after they graduate also. When the individual is looking to start up their career, Affirmative Action can be a factor that denies them from obtaining that position. When President KennedyShow MoreRelatedAffirmative Action And Its Effect On Society Essay1639 Words   |  7 Pagesbased on a person’s race is wrong. For this reason affirmative action in higher education admission should alter for it creates a perpetual racial preference in admission. 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Box 11956, Windhoek, Namibia Tel: (061) 229117/8 Fax: (061) 229119 E-mail: nid@mweb.com.na http://www/iwwn.com.na/nid Read MoreThe Enlightenment Of The American Mind : Two Perspectives Essay2189 Words   |  9 Pagesopen program to integrate the races in the late 1960s, the universities (at all levels) could not agree on the right way to do so. Some institutions supported affirmative action, others found that a merit-based system was the best possible option. However, at the end of said debate, these schools ended up taking the route of affirmative action, which gave way to aggressive processes and proportions with respect to integration. It was a classic too much, too fast type of situation, that resulted in

Irish People and Father Flynn Free Essays

In order to answer the broad question, the term ‘possibility’ will be analysed in the context of the characters of the texts and in the ‘possibility’ for their personal growth and opportunity for change, be it spiritual, physical or emotional. The essay will focus thematically on four chosen texts: James Joyce’s The Sisters and Langston Hughes’ poems I, too, New Yorkers and Harlem. Firstly this essay will analyse how the city of Dublin represented in The Sisters is shown, through Joyce’s literary devices, to both offer and restrict possibility for each of its central characters. We will write a custom essay sample on Irish People and Father Flynn or any similar topic only for you Order Now Key themes identified will then be used as a basis for further analysis of how these themes are more widely represented within the selected New York poems to either confirm or refute Lehan’s statement that ‘The city both offers and restricts possibility’. Textual analysis of The Sisters reveals numerous literary devices that explicate the theme of the repression of possibility by the city of its people. Throughout, Joyce uses symbolism, metaphors, and ellipsis to emphasise his themes whilst allowing the reader to infer its meanings without the need to describe them explicitly. The italicised words ’paralysis’, ‘gnomon’ and ‘simony’ (page 1) is one such technique and immediately underscores the physical, spiritual and religious restrictions found within the story that Dubliners symbolises as a ‘paralysis’ (p1) of the city and its people. The story’s young, intelligent, and sensitive (unnamed) protagonist comes to experience first-hand the reality of paralysis and death: he achieves his desire to ‘look upon’ (p1) both the physical paralysis and death of Father Flynn, with whom he was ‘great friends’ (p2) and the more subtle psychological ‘paralysis’ of those around him – his Aunt, Uncle Jack, Eliza and Nanny Flynn and Mr Cotter. The story shows that the Dublin adults are mentally immobilised – metaphorically paralysed, by their conformity to the conventions of their city lives, for them, the beliefs of the Irish church is a given. Eliza, Cotter and the church men consider Flynn and not the church to be the cause of his predicament ‘the duties of the priesthood was too much for him’ (p9). They appear unable to acknowledge the truth of a priest ‘nearly smothered’ (p4) by his understanding of the demands of his – and their- church. The perceptive boy, finds the adults surrounding him ‘tiresome’ (p1) and notices how Nannie Flynn’s skirt was hooked ‘clumsily’ (p6). His judgemental and sometimes precocious style seems at times somewhat harsh ‘the old woman’s mutterings distracted me’ (p6) and his character seemingly reflects the ‘scrupulous’ nature of Father Flynn. The friendship between this fatherless boy and the priest also offered important possibilities for growth to our protagonist, he was taught ‘a great deal’ (p2) such as ‘how to pronounce Latin properly’, told stories ‘about Napoleon Bonaparte’ and was questioned until he ‘could make no answer’ (p6). This education, when contrasted to the ‘principle’ of education described by his Uncle as a ‘cold bath’ (p2), is something that, without Father Flynn, the boy might not have had access to. The question of whether, in the ‘sensation of freedom’ from (p4)Flynn’s death, the boy takes up this possibility for change or succumbs to the paralysis caused by the restrictions of the city is one which Joyce leaves unanswered. In the case of Father Flynn the city of Dublin both offered and restricted possibility. From a lower class upbringing in ‘Irishtown’ (p9) Flynn was able to travel to, and be educated in, ‘the Irish college in Rome’ (p5). Yet once he returned to the city and took up his post, he became the ‘disappointed’ (p9), Father Flynn who was paralysed by his ‘too scrupulous’ (p9) nature. Perhaps this is a reference to the potentially paralysing psychological disorder ‘scrupulosity’ which would explain his ‘nervous’ (p10) disposition and his failed attempts to perform his office – represented by the symbolic chalice that ‘contained nothing’ (p9) and the ‘idle chalice’ (p10) he ‘loosely retained’ (p6) in death. The story’s namesakes, the Flynn sisters, were perhaps the most restricted by their Dublin lives. Flynn’s economically and socially impoverished siblings lived with him in the ‘unassuming shop, registered under the vague name of Drapery’ (p3) have been forced to receive the debilitating legacy of a ‘truculent’ (p6) defector whose fortunes once took him to college in Rome. Their lack of education becomes apparent through Eliza’s malapropisms ‘freeman’s General’(p8) and ‘rheumatic wheels’ (p9) and the fact they remain unmarried is made clear through the address of ‘Miss Flynn’ (p8). The sacrifices the sisters made for their brother’s career within the Irish church, is clearly represented by the symbolic communion of sherry and cream crackers when they receive the boy and his Aunt into the death-room, all highlight the sacrifices they have made. Joyce does not veil his opinion that the Catholic Church is responsible for a large portion of Dubliner’s paralysis of will and also hints at another malefactor: England. The death notice on the door of the shop on ‘Great Britain Street’ (p3) states that the priest died on 1st July 1895. This date coincides with the Battle of the Boyne (1690) in which Catholic supporters of James II were defeated by William III in a defeat that ‘brought death to the Irish hopes for national and religious freedom. ’(Walzl, 1965, p45) . The date is also that of the Feast of the Most Precious Blood which is symbolic of Father Flynn, his strokes, the broken chalice and the communion served in the death-room. This analysis has demonstrated a number of themes in The Sisters that restrict (paralyse) the possibility of its characters growth, and fewer that display the offering. The paralysis of its character’s resolution for change, caused by the restrictions of the city, is a theme that is also echoed throughout the rest of Dubliners. Joyce presents the city as an ever present â€Å"channel of poverty and inaction† (p. 35) which often leads to a life of â€Å"commonplace sacrifices closing in final craziness† (p. 33). Trapped by poverty and political and religious repression, Joyce’s citizens cannot summon  the hope or energy that Gallaher  from ‘A Little Cloud’ did, to â€Å"revolt against the dull inelegance† of the city (p. 68). However, Joyce’s portrait of Dublin is not entirely bleak. Joyce could simply have condemned Dublin, as  Gallaher  does, or followed the example of Duffy, who, in A Painful Case, seeks refuge in brittle, lonely seclusion. But Joyce chose the more challenging course of confronting and accepting the loss of the ‘dear’ in ‘dear, dirty Dublin. ’ (p70) The city’s ability to supress its citizens hope of, or will to change, is something that it is clear, the paralysed characters of The Sisters had experienced, and it is this theme that this essay will now explore further, in an attempt to draw conclusions as to the validity of Lehan’s statement. The chosen Langston Hughes’ poems I, too, Harlem and New Yorkers display continuity of the theme of ‘paralysis’ through the restriction of a city on its citizens although in differing ways and to differing extents. Langston Hughes’ poem, I, too, is a poem whose main character is in complete contrast to the those of Joyce. Hughes positions the readers to feel the emotions of guilt and sympathy by applying his personal narration and allows the readers to recognise the inequality of the ‘darker brother’ who is sent ‘to eat in the kitchen /when company comes’ (lines 3-4). The isolation of the ‘darker brother’, his presence an embarrassment to the people around him, serves to anger and motivate his determination for change that is so differing to that of Joyce’s Dublin characters. When he ironically states, ‘But I laugh,/And eat well,/ And grow strong’ (5-7) the speaker is making clear his determination to utilise even the worst situation as an opportunity for growth. Hughes’ use of humour and irony demonstrates this positivity and certainty of change for the future which is in complete contrast to that of Joyce’s characters. The physical symmetry of the anthem-like poem centres around the line ‘tomorrow’ (8) and seems to gain momentum and passion, as he defiantly promises white America that he will not be spoken for ‘Tomorrow, /I’ll be at the table/ when company comes. / nobody’ll dare say to me,/ eat in the kitchen [†¦] they’ll see how beautiful I am’ (8-16). Hughes positions the reader to feel both sympathy and admiration in the statement, ‘and be ashamed’ (17). The word ‘beautiful’ seemingly symbolises both the speaker’s skin colour and his cultural heritage, his pride demonstrating that he does not want to change himself so the city will accept him, but for the ‘white’ city to awake from its own paralysis and to actively accept change by valuing their separate and distinctive black culture, establishing that he, acting as a representative for the rest of his culture, is as part of the city as â€Å"I [he] too am [is] America† (18). The theme of ‘paralysis’ is also present in Hughes’ poem Harlem albeit in different way to that of I, too. The speaker’s tone of disdain towards the city is instantly clear through the powerful imagery of it being situated on ‘the edge of hell’ (line 1). This is then compounded by the frequent punctuation and repetition of ‘old’ (3-5), successfully portraying the tedium and hopelessness that it is clear the speaker feels about the situation. The narrative uses the term ‘we’ suggesting that, like I, too, that the speaker is not just speaking as himself but acting as a ‘voice’ for a wider, black culture. When he speaks of the price increase of sugar, bread and the ‘new tax on cigarettes’ (11) he suggests political repression, when he speaks of the job they ‘never could get/and can’t have now/Because we’re coloured’ (13-15) he displays his embitterment towards the city and its reluctance to change. The feeling of hopelessness is carried through to the end of the poem, ‘We remember. a sombre statement echoing the ‘remembering of old lies’ (5) from the beginning and accurately portraying the sense of time passed over which they have been ‘patient’ (5) despite what ‘they told us before’ (5). The sense of hopelessness present within the speaker, and by association the African-American culture, is one that Hughes is sug gesting has been gradually attained through their sacrifices for, and repression by, the city in which they live, much like that of Joyce’s Dublin upon his characters. The third poem which this essay will use to explore the validity of Lehan’s statement is that of New Yorkers. The first stanza opens introducing the male character as that of a native New Yorker ‘I was born here’ (line 1), the internal rhyme of ‘that’s no lie, he said/right here beneath God’s sky’ (2-3) draws attention to the apparent need to reassure the female character that he was telling the truth, the implication being that they had been subject to previous dishonesty. If, like in Hughes’ other two poems we assume that each ‘voice’ represents the voice of their particular cultures we can infer a deeper meaning to the previous statement: that the female voice who ‘wasn’t born here’ (4) represents the new immigrants, the statement therefore seemingly echoing the ‘old lies’ seen in Hughes’ Harlem that promised of better possibilities. ‘where I come from/folks work hard/all their lives/ until they die/ and never own no parts/of earth nor sky’(6-11) Hughes draws attention to her belief of the better possibilities that the city would offer and the fact that they were misguided, by his use f her believing she could own a piece of ‘sky’ (11). The repetition of the word also serves to demonstrate the similarities between the ‘sky’ of the place from which the immigrant originates and that of the city’s despite her initial beliefs that the city would offe r more ‘Now what’ve I got? ’ (13). The following declaration of love ‘You! ’ (14) acts to convey that an unexpected possibility for emotional growth has been offered. However the hint of irony in the final line ‘The same old spark! perhaps implies that she has closed her mind to her original dreams of expanding possibilities, for what might be a temporary ‘flame’. In conclusion, Hughes’ poems, like The Sisters, all indicate the offering of, and restrictions on, the possibilities within a city and therefore confirm Lehan’s statement. Both authors, upon first glance, seemingly highlight more restrictions than opportunities. It is important to remember however, that as each city changes, so do the opportunities and restrictions offered, and at the time of writing, both cities were in a period of dramatic change, to which there is always resistance. At the conclusion of The Sisters we are left wondering how much of a character’s plight is due to the city’s restrictions Joyce so specifically illuminates, and how much is due to human qualities that transcend environment. Perhaps the lesson in both Joyce’s and Hughes’ work, is that a city is made up of individual characters, and as long as its individuals remain backward-facing, without hope and closed to change, they will be paralysed from seeing the possibilities that the city has to offer them. Word Count 2186 Bibliography †¢ A230 Assignment Guide,( 2010) TMA 04, Open University press †¢ Bremen, B (1984) â€Å"He Was Too Scrupulous Always†: A Re-Examination of Joyce’s â€Å"The Sisters† James Joyce Quarterly  , Vol. 22, No. 1 pp. 55-66 †¢ Haslam, S Asbee, S (2012) The Twentieth Century, Twentieth-Century Cities, Open University Press †¢ Haslam, S Asbee, S (2012) The Twentieth Century, ‘Readings for part 1’, Open University Press James Joyce (2000 [1914]) Dubliners (with an introduction and notes by Terence Brown), Penguin Modern Classics, London, Penguin. †¢ Walzl, F (1965) The life chronology of the Dubliners , James Joyce Quarterley Websites: †¢ A230-11J, Study Guide: Week 26: Extra Resources, Milton Keynes, The Open University, http://learn. open. ac. uk/file. php/7066/ebook_a230_book3_pt1_chpt4_langston-hughes-poetry_l3. pdf (accessed 21st March 2012) †¢ http://us. penguingroup. com/static/rguides/ us/dubliners. html How to cite Irish People and Father Flynn, Essay examples

Homeschooling Is The Choice Of Homeschooling Essay Example For Students

Homeschooling Is The Choice Of Homeschooling Essay Homeschooling is my choiceWhy do families choose homeschooling? There are many motivating factors behind parents choosing homeschooling for their children, which includes religious reasons, children safety issues, and poor academic quality offered in private and public schools. It is impossible to list all of the reasons parents give for deciding to homeschool their children.As the number of homeschool students continues to grow, a collaboration relationship is beginning to unfold with state s education system. Some states are offering a variety of resources to these students which may include virtual learning opportunities, extracurricular activities, classroom instruction guidelines, and so on. However, most people are not seeing the virtue of homeschooling despite proven and visible cases. For example, Theodore Roosevelt, the 26th president of the United States was homeschooled until college (Edmund,19979). People continue to have a preconceived notion about homeschooling. Homeschooling is neither a new concept nor a new practice, it is a millennia old (Richman, 1994). Kathryn Chaudler (1981) of HSLDA defines homeschooling as a learning situation in which children spend the majority of their day in their homes in lieu of attending a conventional school. Homeschooling takes many forms which includes apprenticeships, attending lectures, tutoring services, and so on. It is essential to understand that is no one size fits all. Cheryl Seelhoff (2000) suggests, homeschooling is going to be different for every family, for every parents, for every child. There are no one size fits all formulas or solutions; families must always work out their own solutions in the context of their own unique lives (p.2). The basic theme is the . . environment that reflects their values and priorities. Homeschooling provides educational setting conducive to reinforcing core religious values. Most people home school for religious reasons. It really is a good reason for those families who wants to raise their children in a certain religion. This can not be done well in the public schools. Many parents preferred to raise their children in a controlled environment free from peers influence. Homeschooling allows the parents to know what their kids are learning and who they are learning it from. These parents are no longer concerned about their children watching porn movies or magazines from another child at public school. Additionally, homeschooling allows the parents to have control over social situations and interactions. This means they they can help their children to choose friends that are a good influence.

A Man For All Seasons By Sir Thomas More Essays -

A Man For All Seasons By Sir Thomas More Man For All Seasons Essay In the play, A Man For All Seasons, Sir Thomas More is faced with a number of difficult choices, namely whether to support the King's decision to divorce Catherine of Aragon and marry Anne Boleyn and the consequences of that decision. More makes his decision to oppose the marriage early on, but even though it is something he does not waver from, he still has trouble with it, especially when he see the pain it causes to his wife and family. More's antagonists are somewhat obvious, Cromwell, Rich, and to an extent, Norfolk and even his wife, Alice. Cromwell represents the basic evilness and threatens to have More executed for not acquiescing to the marriage, while Rich and Norfolk are representative of the betrayal of Sir Thomas, by giving in to Cromwell and to an extent the King. Lady Alice is an antagonist in the play because of the violent opposition she has for Sir Thomas' decision. Alice is afraid of what may happen to her after Sir Thomas resigns the Chancellorship and what may befall her and her family. Alice's complaints probably have the most impact with More because he does care very deeply about them and might have even caved in to the King, had he not felt that he was correct in his decision and that there was no alternative. More has a very difficult decision in opposing the King and his family, but regardless of the consequences, he feels that he is morally correct and that to choose any other path would be impossible for he could not oppose the Church and God. English Essays

Why Dogs Are Better Than Cats Essays

Why Dogs Are Better Than Cats Essays Why Dogs Are Better Than Cats Paper Why Dogs Are Better Than Cats Paper Why Dogs Are Better Than Cats I think dogs are better than cats for many reasons. I’m sure it is not without reason that dogs are called â€Å"man’s best friend. † They are loyal, obedient, and also protective. Even if their attempts at protection are sometimes unnecessary, at least they try. On one occasion while our family was setting off various fireworks on the Fourth of July, we set off a ground bloom. A ground bloom is basically a firework that spins around on the ground spewing fire in such a way as to look like a flower. Murphy, our terrier, assumed that we had fallen prey to some unknown creature of the night. He attempted to bite the thing, only to be promptly â€Å"bitten† back. Undaunted, he charged in again with the same painful result. One of us was then able to grab onto a very bewildered Murphy until the firework died. Murphy came out of the ordeal with a slightly singed muzzle and a better understanding why not to play with fire. This is more than can be said for cats, which don’t care one iota whether you live or die, so long as they have premium kitty food and a plush velvet cushion for their beauty sleep. Our own cat would rather (and often does) sit out in the rain rather then come into the house through the dog door. Cats seem to think that they’re a superior species who deserve the very best treatment, and should never associate with other animals of a lower status. They also need to learn to toughen up a little bit. Everything they have has to be soft and fuzzy or extra chewy, ensuring that they exert as little life energy as possible. At times they don’t seem to be much more than small and furry sloths. Cats have no concern for the well-being or comfort of fellow creatures, and will not hesitate to take advantage of other weaker or kinder-hearted animals. If one of their worldly comforts is compromised in any way, they become very moody and go off to sulk until the situation is resolved. An animal with such drastic and sudden attitude changes is certainly not going to be the best pet in the world, although they may very possibly be the worst. They are also terribly ungrateful, showing no thankfulness whatsoever if they are given special treatment of some sort. They just generally assume that any special treatment is nothing more than what they deserve. Cats are overly independent as well, and enjoy pretending that they don’t need you or anyone else. Cats should definitely not be considered your best friend. For a while, our cat’s bed was a soft towel folded up on top of the nice warm hot water heater which suited her just fine until she learned that the dog had a cushion to sleep on. So whenever she had the chance, she kicked the dog off of his cushion and used it herself. We eventually decided to fix the problem by getting the dog another cushion and giving the cat his old one. The new cushion was slightly larger than the old one, which was just as well since it fit him better. The slight change in size however, did not go unnoticed by the cat, who decided that she would share with the dog and give him back his old cushion. Now the dog sleeps in the nice warm house on his large plush cushion, and the cat sleeps in the back room on her small cushion. Dogs’ eagerness to please their masters is also a commendable trait which cats simply don’t have. Without this, it would be very difficult to train dogs for the many jobs they now hold, from aiding law enforcement personnel and herding sheep, to seeing-eye dogs and even helping exterminators locate hard-to-find infestations. Cats on the other hand are difficult to train, and once trained, will rarely perform the task on command, preferring to sleep instead. Murphy certainly wouldn’t be the type of dog used for most jobs, but he’s demonstrated his ability to be trained in other ways. When I decided that I would teach him to beg, I only had to put him through the motions for around 20 minutes each day, and he learned in about three days. He learned to roll over in a similar amount of time. Now he’s even learning to walk on his hind legs! I tried to teach the cat to beg for the fun of it, but she just flopped around when I tried to hold her up, and went back to her bed as soon as I let go. She showed no talent at all as far as willingness or comprehension of what I wanted her to do. Murphy just kept trying until he hit on the right thing, and then caught on almost immediately. Dogs have also performed many heroic deeds from warning a sleeping family of a house fire to fighting to the death to protect their master. (Whoever heard of a heroic cat? ) This is why I think dogs are better than cats.

Developing for an online business in Vietnam Research Proposal

Developing for an online business in Vietnam - Research Proposal Example The online hosting makes it possible for one to establish a business, look for customers and make deals over the Internet. The integration of ICT into commercial applications has greatly changed the business sector. One can now engage in business activities with foreign countries, yet at the convenience of his / her office. Establishing, meeting and transacting business deals have now revolutionised (Phan, 2003, pp. 581–582). However, there are business ethics, conduct and regulations that must apply even to the online business dealings. As one intends to venture into this kind of trade, specific procedures are bound to apply. This ensures sanity, law and order in the execution of various business activities. Innovations in technology have not been exhaustively explored, and thus, there exist great opportunities for exploitation in business. Therefore, in the analysis of the untapped business opportunities through online trading, this business research intends to learn more of the e-business prospects existing in the country and analyse the regulations of the country and the future trends for business operations. Rationale / Thesis Trade has certainly been seen as a key pillar of any government and country’s growth and development. Exploitation of many forms of businesses is commendable in order to diversify and reduce risks of overreliance on certain sectors of the economy. Online business has been seen to thrive well in many parts of the world with the returns being enormous. However, in some regions, the field remains unexplored or underexplored. The emerging world trade trends indicate that the success of trading activities in the future may rely much on the Internet for activities such as marketing, meeting clients, striking deals and sealing up business transactions. It is thus important that the government and the people of Vietnam explore the untapped field of doing business over cyber space. Justification Many of the previous studies in t rade have concentrated more on the other modes of doing business and neglected the evolutionary trend of online business. Vietnam has in the recent past recorded commendable economic growth. Many countries, and especially the Western economies, are continuously directing their investments in trade into Vietnam. It is, therefore, of sound importance for researches to be done in order to have substantive information in this field, which would help investors in the decision making process. By having proper information on the trends taking shape in Vietnam in terms of trade, all stakeholders in the economy would be in a better position to make informed decisions as pertains to trade and business. Objectives To evaluate the effects of e-trading on the overall trade performance of Vietnam To draw policy recommendations for stakeholders in trade and development agencies Questions 1. How far has the online trade been exploited in Vietnam? 2. Who are the dominant investors in the sector: the Vietnamese or foreigners? 3. What are the other opportunities available for exploitation in terms of trade in Vietnam? 4. How are trade regulations formulated and enforced in the country and what is the role of the private sector and public sector in this? Hypothesis This research will be based on three hypotheses. These hypotheses are based on a generalisation of ideas, which will need to be substantiated by research. 1. Hypothesis: If economic performance of any economy is related to trade, then e-commerce is of importance towards